The most important data used for this analysis come from the recently discovered Higgs particle. ![]() The result of the statistical analysis is that the existence of further fermions can be excluded with a probability of 99.99999 percent (5.3 sigma). At least, the latter question is answered: "There are exactly three fermion generations in the standard model of particle physics!"įor their analysis, the researchers combined latest data collected by the particle accelerators LHC and Tevatron with many known measurements results relating to particles, such as the Z-boson or the top-quark. "But why does nature have second and third generations, if these are hardly needed? And are there maybe more generations of particles?", ask the main authors of the article, Martin Wiebusch and Otto Eberhardt. ![]() Up- and down-quarks form heavier particles, such as protons and neutrons and, hence, all elements of the periodic system. Among these particles are the electron, the electron neutrino, and the up-quark and down-quark. Only the first generation of particles occurs in appreciable amount outside of particle accelerators. Based on their similar properties, they are divided into three generations of four particles each. The standard model of particle physics knows 12 fermions. "For a long time, however, it was not clear whether we know all components," explains Ulrich Nierste, Professor at KIT. ![]() They make up everything we see on earth or through telescopes. Matter particles, also called fermions, are the elementary components of the universe.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |